India is home to more than 300 species of snakes, and nearly 58,000 people die from snakebites each year, accounting for almost half of global deaths, according to the WHO. With nearly 90% of life-threatening cases caused by the “Big Four” Indian Cobra, Common Krait, Russell’s Viper, and Saw-scaled Viper and snakebite remains a critical public health challenge.
Ahead of the monsoon season, when snake activity increases due to flooding, waterlogging, and displacement from natural habitats, there is an urgent need to strengthen awareness, dispel myths, and ensure timely medical intervention.
The National Action Plan for Prevention and Control of Snakebite Envenoming (NAPSE) by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare emphasizes correct first aid, rapid transport to healthcare facilities, and a ‘One Health’ approach to reduce snakebite mortality by 50% by 2030.
Prompt administration i.e. timely and appropriate medical management with Anti-Snake Venom (ASV/ASVS) remains the only evidence-based, specific, and definitive therapy for systemic envenomation, capable of neutralizing circulating venom and preventing clinical deterioration.
ASV is available free of cost at most government hospitals under the National Health Mission. Timely administration of appropriate medical treatment, particularly Anti-Snake Venom (ASV), can significantly reduce mortality and prevent the progression of systemic envenomation and associated complications, including neurotoxicity (paralysis), coagulopathy, acute kidney injury, multi-organ dysfunction, and death.
Immediate Actions in Case of Snakebite
Dos:
Stay calm and reassure the victim
Remove tight items like rings, belts, or footwear
Restrict movement and keep the affected limb still
Place the victim on their side
Rush to the nearest health facility immediately
Don’ts:
– Do not cut, suck, or apply substances to the wound
– Do not tie tourniquets
– Do not attempt traditional remedies
– Do not panic or over-exert the victim
Monsoon Advisory: Preventing Snakebites
– Keep surroundings clean: Remove garbage, debris, and dense vegetation
– Avoid waterlogging: Improve drainage around homes
– Seal entry points: Close gaps in walls and floors
– Use caution outdoors: Wear boots, carry a torch at night, avoid walking barefoot
– Sleep safely: Use raised beds and properly tucked mosquito nets
– Exercise field safety: Wear protective gear and inspect areas before agricultural work
– Stay alert: Avoid reaching into holes, logs, or flooded areas
– Community readiness: Know the nearest ASV-equipped hospital and emergency contacts
Snakebite deaths are preventable. Increased awareness, safer practices during the monsoon, and timely access to evidence-based treatment can save lives and help achieve India’s goal of halving snakebite mortality by 2030.
Issued in public interest by BSV (A Mankind Group Company). The Information appearing on this material is for general public awareness and educational purposes only. Nothing contained in this material constitutes medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Please consult a qualified healthcare professional or visit the nearest designated government health facility immediately for any medical emergencies or in case of any questions/concerns.
