Dibrugarh : Colon cancer is a type of cancer that develops in the large intestine. It often begins as small growths called polyps inside the colon. While most polyps are harmless, some can turn cancerous over time. Early detection and timely treatment can improve the chances of recovery.
Colon cancer may not cause clear symptoms in its early stages. As the disease progresses, a person may notice changes in bowel habits, blood in the stool, stomach pain, bloating, unexplained weight loss, tiredness or a feeling that the bowel has not emptied completely. These symptoms can also occur due to other conditions, but persistent problems should not be ignored.
Dr. Anadi Pachaury, Director and Unit Head Surgical Oncology, Max Super Speciality Hospital, Shalimar Bagh, said that “age, family history of colon cancer, certain inherited conditions, previous polyps and inflammatory bowel disease can increase the risk. Smoking, heavy alcohol consumption, excess body weight, physical inactivity and a diet high in red and processed meat may also contribute to the risk.”
Colonoscopy is one of the main tests used to diagnose colon cancer. It allows doctors to examine the inner lining of the colon and remove some polyps. A small tissue sample may be taken from a suspicious growth for testing. Blood tests and scans, such as CT scans, may help assess the patient’s health and determine whether the cancer has spread.
Dr. Anadi further said, “Treatment depends on the cancer’s stage, location and the patient’s overall health. Surgery is often used to remove the cancer. Chemotherapy may be advised after surgery or when the disease has spread. Some patients may benefit from targeted treatment or immunotherapy, depending on the tumour’s features.”
Although every case cannot be prevented, regular physical activity, a balanced diet, maintaining a healthy weight, avoiding smoking and limiting alcohol may help reduce risk. Recommended screening can detect polyps before they become cancerous. Timely medical advice and regular follow-up are important for better outcomes.
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